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Yojijukugo 四字熟語

先: first; former

By Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning

 

先 xiān

adverb
: first
: former, previous

Kun Reading

先 | さき saki

noun | no-adjective | noun suffix | prefix
: previous; prior; former; some time ago; preceding
: point (e.g. pencil); tip; end; nozzle
: head (of a line); front
: ahead; the other side
: the future; hereafter
: destination
: the other party

先に | さきに sakini

adverb | noun
: before; earlier than; ahead; beyond; away; previously; recently

先んじる | さきんじる sakinjiru

ichidan verb | intransitive verb
: to precede; to forestall; to anticipate

先 | まず mazu

adverb
: (Usually written using kana alone) first (of all); to start with; about; almost; anyway; well; now
: hardly (with neg. verb)

On Reading

先 | せん sen

no-adjective | noun
: former; previous; old
: first move (in go, shogi, etc.); opening move

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數: number; to enumerate; frequently

By Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning, Music

 

數 [数] shù

noun
: number; figure; several

數 [数] shǔ

verb
: to enumerate; to count
: to criticize (i.e. enumerate shortcomings)

數 [数] shuò


: frequently; repeatedly

Kun Reading

数 | かず kazu

noun
: number; amount

数 | かぞえ kazoe

noun
: old manner of reckoning one’s age, newborns being considered a year old, with everyone adding one year to their age at New Year’s

数 | しばしば shibashiba

adverb
: often; again and again; frequently

数える | かぞえる kazoeru

ichidan verb | transitive verb
: to count; to enumerate

On Reading

数 | すう suu

prefix
: several; a number of;
: (noun) number; numeral; figure;
: destiny; fate;
: law

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離: to depart from; from

By Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning, Music

 

離 [离] lí

verb | preposition
: to leave; to part from; to be away from
: (in giving distances) from
: without (something); independent of
: one of the Eight Trigrams 八卦, symbolizing fire; ☲

Kun Reading

離す | はなす hanasu

godan verb with su ending | transitive verb
: to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart

離れ | はなれ hanare

prefix
: detached (dwelling, room)

離れ | ばなれ banare

godan verb with su ending | transitive verb
: separation from; loss of interest in; independence of; distancing (of oneself) from; disillusionment with; alienation from (something)

離れる | はなれる hanareru

ichidan verb | intransitive verb
: to be separated; to be apart; to be distant
: to leave; to go away
: to leave (a job, etc.); to quit; to give up
: to lose connection with; to drift away from

離しょう | りしょう rishou

noun
: syneresis [contraction of two vowels into a diphthong. Syneresis (chemistry), extraction or expulsion of a liquid from a gel]

On Reading

離 | り ri

noun
: li (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: fire, south)

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兇: terrible | fierce

By Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning

 

兇 [凶] xīong

adjective
: terrible; fearful; culprit

凶 xīong

adjective
: vicious; fierce; cruel
: unlucky, ominous; inauspicious; calamitous
: famine
: variant of 兇

Kun Reading
none applicable

恐れる OR 怖れる | おそれる osoreru

ichidan verb | transitive verb
: to fear; to be afraid of

悪い | わるい warui

adjective
: bad; poor; inferior
: evil; sinful
: unprofitable
: at fault; to blame; in the wrong
: sorry

On Reading

兇 OR 凶 | きょう kyou


: bad luck; bad fortune
: evil; wickedness

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近: near

By Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning

 

近 jìn

adjective | adverb
: near
: close to; approximately

Kun Reading

近い | ちかい chikai

adjective
: near; close; short (distance)

近く | ちかく chikaku

noun | no-adjective
: near; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
: (Noun suffix) nearly (i.e. “it took nearly one year”); close to
: (Adverb) shortly; soon

On Reading

キン kin

コン kon

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遠: far | to distance oneself from

By Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning, Music

 

遠 [远] yuǎn

adjective
: far; distant; remote
: (intensifier in a comparison) by far; much (lower etc)

遠 [远] yuàn

verb
: to distance oneself from (classical)

Kun Reading

遠 | とお too

no-adjective
: distant

遠い | とおい tooi

adjective
: far; distant

遠く | とおくtooku

no-adjective | adverbial noun | noun
: far away; distant; at a distance; distant place; by far

遠め | とおめ toome

noun | na-adjective
: distant; far

遠のく | とおのく toonoku

no-adjective
: to become distant; to recede

遠ざかる | とおざかる toozakaru

no-adjective
: to go far off

遠まわし | とおまわし toomawashi

noun | na-adjective
: indirect (roundabout) expression

On Reading

エン en

オン on
おち ochi

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