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餘: surplus; excess

By September 2, 2015January 16th, 2017Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning, Music

 

餘 [余] yú

adjective
: variant of 餘
: remainder; extra; surplus; remaining; remainder after division
: (following numerical value) or more; in excess of (some number)
: residue (math.)
: after
: I; me

余 yú

adjective
: I; me
: variant of 餘, surplus

Kun Reading

餘り OR 余り | あまり amari

na-adjective | adverb | no-adjective | noun | noun suffix
: (Usually written using kana alone) remainder; rest; balance; remains; scraps; residue; remnant
: (Adverb) not very (with negative sentence); not much
: surplus; excess; fullness; too much
: (Adverb) overjoyed; overwhelmed
: (Noun suffix) more than; over

余る | あまる amaru

godan verb with ru ending | intransitive verb
: to remain; to be left over; to be in excess; to be too many

余す | あます amasu

godan verb with su ending | transitive verb
: to save; to leave over; to spare

On Reading

余 | よ yo

noun | noun suffix
: over; more than
: (Archaism) formal or oratory first person pronoun; I

 Usage:

餘[余]下 yu2xia4: remaining
餘[余]光 yu2guang1: (out of) the corner of one’s eyes; peripheral vision; residual light; light of the setting sun
[余光 | よこう yokou: afterglow; lingering light]
餘[余]剩 yu2sheng4: surplus; remainder
剩餘[余] sheng4yu2: remainder; surplus
其餘[余] qi2yu2: the rest; the others; remaining; remainder; apart from them
業餘 [业余] ye4yu2: spare time; amateur; extra-curricular
多餘[余] duo1yu2: superfluous; unnecessary; surplus
殘餘[残余] can2yu2: remnant; relic; residue; vestige; surplus; to remain; to leave surplus
[残余 | ざんよ zanyo: remainder; the rest; residue]
廚餘[厨余] chu2yu2: kitchen waste; food waste (recycling)
殘餘物 [残余物] can2 yu2wu4: litter; trash
余月 yu2yue4: alternative term for fourth lunar month
余車[车] yu2che1: emperor’s carriage
余象 yu2xiang4: afterimage



Japanese common word | expression | yojijukugo 四字熟語
思い余る | おもいあまる omoi amaru
: to not know how to act or what to do; to be at a loss

冥加に余る | みょうがにあまる myouganiamaru
: to receive too many blessings; to be excessively favored; to be too good for

余計な御世話 | よけいなおせわ yokeina o sewa
: Mind your own business

積善の家には必ず余慶有り | せきぜんのいえにはかならずよけいあり
sekizen no ie ni wa kanarazu yokeiari
: one’s good deeds shall be repaid even to one’s descendants

余の辞書に不可能という文字は無い | よのじしょにふかのうというもじはない
yo no jisho ni fukanou toiu moji wa nai
: the word impossible is not in my dictionary



Chinese expression | chengyu 成語 | idiom
不遺餘力 [不遗余力] bu4 yi2 yu2 li4
: to spare no pains or effort; to do one’s utmost

富富有餘 [富富有余] fu4 fu4 you3 yu2
: richly provided for; having enough and to spare

年年有餘[馀] nian2 nian2 you3 yu2
: lit. (may you) have abundance year after year; (an auspicious saying for the Lunar New Year)

恢恢有餘 [恢恢有余] hui1 hui1 you3 yu2
: lit. to have an abundance of space; room to maneuver

綽綽有餘 [绰绰有余] chuo4 chuo4 you3 yu2
: enough and to spare

心有餘,力不足 [心有余,力不足] xin1 you3 yu2 , li4 bu4 zu2
: The will is there, but not the strength (from Confucian Analects). The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.

比上不足比下有餘 [比上不足比下有余] bi3 shang4 bu4 zu2 bi3 xia4 you3 yu2
: to fall short of the best but be better than the worst; can pass muster

成事不足,敗事有餘 [成事不足,败事有余] cheng2 shi4 bu4 zu2 , bai4 shi4 you3 yu2
: unable to accomplish anything but liable to spoil everything; unable to do anything right; never make, but always mar

 Etymology:
形声 Pictophonetic.
食 (shi2: eat; food radical 184) suggests the meaning while
余 (yu2: I, me) provides the sound.



Historical variant:
馀 yu2: surplus, excess, remainder



簡體 Simplified.
余. Created as unique simplification #303 (餘 » 余) via homophonic substitution.



Semantic:
yu3 | yu2: to give | I; me
[kun: あらかじめ arakajime. on: よ yo]



 Examples:

余計なことをして、すみません。
よけいなことをして、すみません yokei nakoto o shite, sumimasen
Sorry, that was none of my business.


我不是多餘的!
wo3 bu4shi4 duo1yu2 de
I’m not superfluous!

 Music:


用餘生去愛 – Jacky Cheung 張學友

作詞:林夕
作曲:Samuel Jean、McAyla Beatley、Catherine Martin、Scott Effman、Lukas ‘Nate’ Nathanson
編曲:杜自持

用多少時間一直等待一段戀愛
卻用剩下來的相處時光 讓兩個人互相傷害
不斷的表白 不斷的分開
推倒再重來 有多難捱
還好終於碰到你 還有什麼不明白

像錯過一輩子 我才學會了愛
餘下來的日子 就用來與你相愛
此生若能只做這件事 划得來
只要看著我們頭髮變白 餘生就不會蒼白

有多少年少青春無知不知悔改
有多少奔波歲月匆忙 生活變壞
有多少空白 都不明不白
光陰飛快 太不痛快
還好還能碰到你 天要塌就塌下來

像錯過一輩子 我才學會了愛
餘下來的日子 就用來與你相愛
此生若能只做這件事 划得來
只要看著我們頭髮變白 餘生就不會蒼白
用餘生去愛
你就是我餘生所愛

好像錯過一輩子 我才與你同在
永遠只剩下一秒 也要擁你入懷
有限生命換無盡的愛 划得來
只要看著我們頭髮變白 餘生就不會蒼白

用餘生去愛
有生之年 你就是我餘生所愛
用餘生去愛

credit: Jacky Cheung 張學友

Resources: Chinese Dictionary | Japanese Dictionary