辛 xīn
noun | radical 160
: bitter; (of taste) hot or pungent
: hard; laborious; suffering
: eighth in order; eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干; letter “H” or roman “VIII” in list “A, B, C”, or “I, II, III” etc; octa
Kun Reading
辛 | かのと kanoto
noun
: 8th in rank; eighth sign of the Chinese calendar
辛い | からい karai
adjective
: spicy; hot
: salty;
: tough (on someone); adverse; harsh
辛い | つらい tsurai
adjective
: painful; bitter; heart-breaking
辛み | からみ karami
noun
: salty (hot, sharp) taste
辛め | からめ karame
adjective
: hottish; salty; somewhat hot; kind of salty; on the dry side
: strict; harsh
On Reading
辛 | しん shin
noun
: 8th in rank; eighth sign of the Chinese calendar
辛苦 xin1ku3: hard; exhausting; with much toil; thanks for your trouble
[しんく shinku: hardship; toil; trouble]
辛勤 xin1qin2: hardworking; industrious
辛辣 xin1 la4: spicy hot (taste); fig. biting (criticism)
[しんらつ shinratsu: bitter; sharp; acrimonious]
辛酸 xin1suan1: pungent (taste); bitter; fig. sad; miserable
[しんさん shinsan: hardships; privation]
艱[艰]辛 jian1xin: hardships; arduous; difficult
[しんさん shinsan: hardships; privation]
Japanese common word | expression | idiom
激辛 | げきから gekikara: extremely hot (spicy); very strict evaluation
大辛 | おおがら oogara OR おおから ookara: very spicy
中辛 | ちゅうがら chuugara OR ちゅうから chuukara: medium-spicy
小辛 | こがら kogara: slightly spicy
甘辛 | あまから amakara: sweetness and saltiness; salted and sweetened taste
辛味噌 | からみそ karamiso: high-salt miso; salty miso
命辛々 | いのちがらがら inochi garagara OR いのちからがら inochi karagara
: for dear life; barely escaping alive
辛酸甘苦 | しんさんかんく shinsan kanku
: hardships and joys; tasting the sweets and bitters of life; (having seen much of life) being well-versed in the ways of the world. Trials and tribulations
Chinese expression | idiom
辛辛苦苦 xin1 xin1 ku3 ku3
: painstakingly; with great trouble
千辛萬苦 [千辛万苦] qian1 xin1 wan4 ku3
: to suffer untold hardships; trials and tribulations; with difficulty; after some effort
象形 Pictographic.
Picture of tool for tattooing slaves and prisoners.
“Bitter” radical #160
Look-alike:
幸 xing4: to be lucky
[kun: さち sachi; さいわい saiwai; しあわせ shiawase. on: こう kou]
親[亲] qin1 | qing1: relatives; parents; intimate | parents-in-law of one’s offspring
[kun: おや oya; 親しい shitashii.
on: しん shin]
Examples:
我不習慣辛辣的食物。
wo3 bu4 xi2guan4 xin1la4 de shi2wu4.
I’m not used to spicy food.
Resources: Chinese Dictionary | Japanese Dictionary
