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後: back | 后: queen

By May 26, 2014January 16th, 2017Chinese Word, Japanese Word, Language-Learning
 

後 [后] hòu

noun
: back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later

后 hòu

noun
: empress; queen

Kun Reading

後 | あと ato

noun | no-adjective
: behind; rear
: after; later
: after one’s death
: remainder; the rest
: descendant; successor; heir
: (Archaism) past; previous; (Adverbial noun) more (i.e. five more minutes)

後で | あとで atode

adverb
: afterwards

後 | のち nochi

noun | no-adjective
: later; afterwards; since
: future
: after one’s death
: (Archaism) descendant

後 | しり shiri

noun
: buttocks; behind; rump; bottom
: undersurface; bottom
: last place; end
: consequence

後ろ | うしろ ushiro

noun
: back; behind; rear

後れ | おくれ okure

noun
: delay; lag; postponement; falling behind

后 | きさき kisaki

noun
: empress; queen

On Reading

後 | ご go

suffix
: after

こう kou

 Usage:

後[后]悔 hou4hui4: to regret; to repent
[後悔 | こうかい koukai: regret; repentance]
後來[后来] hou4lai2: afterwards; later
後[后]天 hou4tian1: the day after tomorrow; post-natal; acquired (not innate); a posteriori
[後天 | こうてん kouten: a posteriori; posteriority]
後[后]年 hou4nian2: the year after next
[こうねん kounen: future years; in (one’s) later years]
後[后]面 hou4mian: rear; back; behind; later; afterwards
後[后]輩 hou4 bei4: younger generation
[後輩 | こうはい kouhai: junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student]
最後[后] zui4hou4: final; last; finally; ultimate
[さいご saigo: last; end; conclusion; latest; most recent;
: (after -tara form or -ta form followed by “ga”) no sooner than; right after (often having negative consequences)
: (Archaism) one’s final moments]

最後まで | さいごまで saigomade
: to the end; to the last

然後[后] ran2hou4: after; then (afterwards); after that; afterwards
以後[后] yi3hou4: after; later; afterwards; following; later on; in the future
[いご igo: after this; from now on; hereafter
: thereafter; since (verb) (after -te form of verb); after (time); since (then)]
之後[后] zhi1hou4: afterwards; following; later; after
今後[后] jin1hou4: hereafter; henceforth; in the future; from now on
[こんご kongo: from now on; hereafter]
午後[后] wu3 hou4: afternoon [午後 | gogo ごご: afternoon; p.m.]

午前 wu3qian2: morning; a.m. [ごぜん gozen]

后 hou4: empress; queen [后 | きさき kisaki]

后妃 hou4fei1: imperial wives and concubines
[こうひ kouhi: queen]
后冠 hou4guan1: tiara
皇后 huang2hou4: empress; imperial consort
[こうごう kougou: (Japanese) empress; queen]
天后 tian1hou4: Tin Hau, Empress of Heaven, another name for the goddess Matsu 媽祖
[てんこう tenkou: queen of heaven]
太后 tai4hou4: Empress Dowager
[たいこう taikou: empress dowager; queen mother]
王后 wang2hou4: queen [おうこう oukou: queen]



Japanese common word | expression | idiomatic expression
後の祭 | あとのまつり atonomatsuri: too late!

後一歩 | atoippo あといっぽ
: one more; another; the other
: not quite; not very good

此の後 | こののち kononochi OR このあと konoato
: after this; henceforth; henceforward; from now on

後が無い | あとがない ato ga nai
: having one’s back to the wall; having nowhere to go; having no way out; not having another chance

*前虎後狼 | ぜんここうろう zen koko u rou
: one calamity followed close on the heels of another; out of the frying pan into the fire; tiger in front, wolf in the back

後門の虎前門の狼 | こうもんのとらぜんもんのおおかみ koumon no tora zenmon no ookami
OR
前門の虎後門の狼 | ぜんもんのとらこうもんのおおかみ zenmon no tora koumon no ookami
: between the devil and the deep sea; out of the frying pan into the fire

鶏口牛後 | けいこうぎゅうご keikou gyuugo
: better to be the beak of a rooster than the rump of a bull; better to be the leader of a small group than a subordinate in a large organization; better to be a big fish in a little pond than a little fish in a big pond

鶏口となるも牛後となる勿れ | けいこうとなるもぎゅうごとなるなかれ
keikou tonaru mo gyuugo tonaru nakare
: better to be the beak of a rooster than the rump of a bull. Better to be the head of a cat than the tail of a lion

**雨後の筍 OR 雨後の竹の子 | うごのたけのこ ugo no takenoko
: similar things turning up one after another; bamboo shoots after rain

後れ馳せながら | おそればせながら osore basenagara OR おくればせながら okure basenagara
: belatedly; tardily

後生だから | ごしょうだから goshou dakara
: for mercy’s sake; for the love of God; for goodness’ sake

後悔先に立たず | こうかいさきにたたず koukai saki ni tatazu
: It is no use crying over spilt milk

最後の舞台 | さいごのぶたい saigo no butai
: final performance; swan song; last act

最後の最後に | さいごのさいごに saigo no saigo ni
: at the last moment

最後に笑う者が最もよく笑う | さいごにわらうものがもっともよくわらう saigo ni warau mono ga motto moyoku warau
: He who laughs last laughs hardest

敵に後ろを見せる | てきにうしろをみせる teki ni ushiro o miseru
: to flee from one’s enemy; to turn tail and run
: to expose one’s weakness to an adversary

病んで後初めて健康の価値を知る | やんでのちはじめてけんこうのかちをしる
yande nochi hajimete kenkou no kachi o shiru
: You don’t appreciate the value of good health until you lose it



Chinese idiom
走後門 [后门] zou3 hou4 men2
: lit. to enter by the back door; fig. to gain influence by pull or unofficial channels; back door or under the counter connections

後會有期 [后会有期] hou4 hui4 you3 qi1
: I’m sure we’ll meet again some day. Hope to see you again

*前怕狼後[后]怕虎 qian2 pa4 lang2 hou4 pa4 hu3
: lit. to fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind; fig. needless fears; scare mongering; reds under the beds
OR
前門打虎,後門打狼 [前门打虎,后门打狼] qian2 men2 da3 hu3 , hou4 men2 da3 lang2
: to beat a tiger from the front door, only to have a wolf come in at the back; fig. facing one problem after another

**雨後春筍 [雨后春笋] yu3 hou4 chun1 sun3
: lit. after rain, the spring bamboo; fig. rapid new growth; many new things emerge in rapid succession

三思而後行 san1 si1 er2 hou4 xing2
: think again and again before acting; consider carefully in advance

事後諸葛亮 shi4 hou4 zhu1 ge3 liang4
: a genius in retrospect; hindsight is 20-20

前不見古人,後不見來者 [前不见古人,后不见来者] qian2 bu4 jian4 gu3 ren2 , hou4 bu4 jian4 lai2 zhe3
: unique; unprecedented

打蛇不死,後患無窮 [打蛇不死,后患无穷] da3 she2 bu4 si3 , hou4 huan4 wu2 qiong2
: beat the snake to death or it will cause endless calamity (common saying); nip the problem in the bud

虛心使人進步,驕傲使人落後 [虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后] xu1 xin1 shi3 ren2 jin4 bu4 , jiao1 ao4 shi3 ren2 luo4 hou4
: Modesty leads to progress, arrogance makes you drop behind (favorite slogan of Mao Zedong)

 Etymology:

会意 Associative Compound.
One small 幺 (yao1: small)
step 夂 (zhi3: go radical 24) behind another
step 彳 (chi4: step with left foot, radical 60)




会意 Associative Compound.
Profile of a woman
(represented by 厂 (change: factory radical 27)
一 (yi1: one))
mouthing orders 口 (kou3: mouth)

Mirror image of 司 (si1: take charge of; manage)



簡體 Simplified.
后. Created as unique simplification #89 (後 » 后) via homophonic substitution.

 Music:


一千年以後 – JJ Lin Jun Jie 林俊杰

作詞:李瑞洵
作曲:林俊杰

心 跳亂了節奏 夢也不自由
愛 是個絕對承諾 不說 撐到一千年以後

放任無奈 淹沒塵埃
我在廢墟之中守著妳走來 喔
我的淚光 承載不了 喔
所有一切妳要的愛(所有一切妳需要的愛)

因為在 一千年以後 世界早已沒有我
無法深情挽著妳的手 淺吻著妳額頭
別等到 一千年以後 所有人都遺忘了我
那時紅色黃昏的沙漠 能有誰 解開纏繞千年的寂寞
(纏繞千年的寂寞)

credit: JJ Lin 林俊杰

Resources: Chinese Dictionary | Japanese Dictionary